Boiler.



J. M. McCLELLON B0iLER..

APPLICATION FILED 11.21. 1916.

Patented Nov. 27, 1917.

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J. M. McCLELLON.

BOILER.

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BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21. I916.

Patented Nov. 27, 1917.

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BOILER.

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Patented Nov. 27, 1917..

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JAMES M. MCCLELLON, OF EVERETT, MASSACHUSETTS.

BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 27, 1917.

Application filed March 27, 1916. Serial No. 86,857.

0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES M. MCCLEL- LON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Everett, county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Boilers, of which thefollowing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to boilers for locomotives and other uses, and among other objects aims to provide a simple, strong and effective combustion chamber therefor.

The character of the invention may be best understood by reference to the following description of an embodiment illustrating the invention shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a rear elevation of the firebox of the boiler shown herein as embodying the invention;

Fig. 2, on a reduced scale, is a vertical longitudinal section taken on line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan of a portion of a lower header for the fire-box;

Fig. 4, on an enlarged scale, is a vertical, transverse section taken on line H of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 5 is a vertical, transverse section taken on line 55 of Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings, the illustrative boiler shown therein as embodying the invention comprises a barrel 1 containing lines 3 and provided with a steam dome 5. Cooperating with said barrel is a fire-box comprisin a lower header 7 (Figs. 2 and 3) exten in along the sides and rear end of the fireox and conveniently made of a body portion 9, U-shaped in section and closed by an outer plate 11 secured thereto.

The crown of the fire-box comprises outer drums 13 and a larger drum 15 between them. The meeting sides of said drums may be flattened and riveted together. The rear ends of said drums are closed by bumped heads 17. The forward ends of said drums are open for communication with the barrel and as shown herein are shaped to conform to the contour of said barrel, permitting said ends to be entered into and to be riveted directly to said barrel, thereby forming a strong, rigid connection therefor.

The side walls of the fire-box may be formed of series of steam-generating tubes 19 having reduced upper and lower ends, expanded respectively into the outer crown drums l3 and the lower header 7 referred to. Series of plugs 21 may be threaded into the lower header opposite said tubes to furnish access thereto.

The rear wall of the fire-box comprises a series of tubes 23 having reduced upper and lower ends expanded respectively into said crown drums and lower header, and a series of shorter tubes 25 having reduced upper and lower ends, the former being expanded into the intermediate crown drum, and the latter being expanded into a horizontal header 27 forming the top of a fire-door opening. A header 29 forms the bottom of said opening and is mounted on and secured to a similar header 31. Registering apertures 33 in said headers 29 and 31 afford communication between them, and the latter header communicates with the lower header for the fire-box through nipples 35 expanded therein. The rear wall preferably inclines upwardly and forwardly from the lower header to the crown drums, and the rear ends of the latter are somewhat forward of the rear end of the lower chamber, to allow room and convenience in the locomotive cab. Short tubes 37 are introduced at the rear corners of the fire-box to close the spaces between the end tubes of the side and rear walls.

An important feature of the invention re lates to the construction of a combustion chamber to receive the products of combus tion from the fire-box and distribute and deliver the same to the barrel fines. This chamber is shown herein as located in the rear end of the barrel beneath the forward ends of the crown drums. The upper rear end of the barrel may be cut away to present side portions 41 overlapping the side crown drums 13 and securely riveted thereto. A flue sheet 43 is introduced into the barrel a substantial distance from the rear end thereof and is provided with a flange riveted to said barrel and to the under sides of the crown drums. The latter may have extruded portions for filling the spaces which otherwise would oecur between the rounded sides of said drums and the upper edge of said flue sheet in a manner similar to the construction shown in my co-pending application Serial No. 53,165, filed September 29, 1915.

Heretofore so far as I am aware combustion chambers for boilers have been constructed with side walls formed of spaced plates connected by a multiplicity of stay bolts. Since the combustion chamber is subjected to extremely high temperatures, the walls thereof experienced hard usage and required frequent inspection and repair. In accordance with the present invention, the necessity for these stayed walls has been eliminated. To accomplish this, series of hollow, steam-generating sections are provided typified herein in the form of tubes 4-5, preferably extending transversely to the axis of the barrel and curved to conform to the contour thereof. The upper ends of these tubes may be reduced and expanded into apertures in the side crown drums 13, and the lower ends of said tubes may extend toward the bottom of the barrel and be reduced and expanded into a bottom chamber -17 conveniently formed between an upper, curved plate riveted to said barrel and extending the length of the combustion chamber and a portion 49 of the barrel opposed to said plate and pressed downward and outward from the body of said barrel. This portion may have plugs 50 tap ed into apertures therein opposite the tubes to facilitate access thereto for purposes of replacement or repair. The rear end of the bottom chamber is closed by a head 51 having a plug 53 tapped therein to furnish convenient access thereto. The front end of said bottom chamber is entered into an aperture in said fine sheet and is open for communication with the barrel. This will permit water to circulate freely from the barrel into said bottom chamber and rise upwardly through the wall tubes of the combustion chamber to the crown drums.

To supply water from the barrel to the lower header for the fire-box, an elbow pipe 55 is connected to the bottom of the barrel preferably centrally thereof adjacent the flue sheet 43. This elbow pipe is connected to a horizontal pipe 57 which extends preferably closely adjacent to and centrally be neath the combustion chamber, and has its rear end connected to and communicating' with a throat chamber. This throat chamber comprises a front plate 59 having a flange riveted to the under side of the barrel beneath the combustion chamber and a rear plate 61 having a flange also riveted to said barrel. In other words, the plates have segmental recesses into which the shell of the barrel fits. The bottom of the throat chamber is closed by a block 63 secured to said plates. To strengthen said plates they may be connected by stay bolts 65. The feed water pipe and throat chamber may be further strengthened by stay rods 67 there in. The throat chamber is securely connected to the lower chamber 7 for the fire-box and communicates therewith through apertures 69 in the top and sides thereof. Thus water may readily flow from the barrel through the pipe 57 into the throat chamber, thence into the lower header and rise upward through the side and rear walls of the firebox into the crown drums. To prevent steam from being trapped in the upper lateral portions of the throat chamber, best seen in Fig. 5, I may provide connections such as the elbows 70 between them and some of the water containing spaces of the barrel for example the tubes 45.

To further contribute to the supply of water to the bottom chamber of the combustion chamber, the barrel may have an aperlure T1 affording communication between the throat chamber and said bottom chamber, allhough this is not indispensable.

To ballle and prolong the flame from the grate, arch tubes 73 may be provided having upper ends curved and expanded into apertures in the crown drums adjacent the rear wall, and lower ends expanded into apertures in projections 7-5 pressed from the rear plate 61 of the throat chamber. Tiles 77 are supported on said tubes.

In use water will readily circulate from lhe barrel into the bottom chamber of the combustion chamber, and the lower header of the fire-box and rise upward throu 'h the tubes of the combustion chamber and firebox into the barrel. The gases of combustion will pass from the grate rcarwardly over the ballle and thence forwardly through the fire-box and the combustion chamber to and into the barrel flues. In their transit they will act on the extensive services afforded by the wall tubes of the fire-box and the combustion chamber and transform the Water therein into steam.

here are many advantages in the 00mbustion chamber described over the spaced, r-stayed-platc construction formerly used. The cylindrical wall tubes of the combuslion chamber eliminate the necessity for the use of the objectionable stay bolts; the pressure within the tubes tends to cause them to maintain their original form and therefore they will stand higher pressure than the stayed plates formerly used and may be made of a material which is very substantially thinner than said plates, with a resultant greater steam-generating effect; and their curved walls present a greater area of stcanrgeneraling surface than allorded by said stayed plates. thereby further increasing the steam-generating eflect. The tubes are curved to conform to the barrel, but preferably they are spaced slightly therefrom and therefore they may readily expand, contract and flex freely in response to temperalurc changes without weakening the conneclion of their ends with the crown drums and bottom chamber. The combustion chamber constructed as described requires but a very i slight change in the construction of the barrel and the wall tubes thereof may be of standard size and easily and cheaply assembled. The tubes present such a stron construction that inspection and repair t ereof will seldom be required, but if desired to replace or repair said tubes this ma be conveniently done, since the upper en s thereof are readily accessible through the large crown drums and the lower ends thereof are readily accessible throu h the plugs 50 at the bottom of the barre The combustion chamber desirably rolongs the length of the fiame from the re-box, allows the gases from the fire to arrive at a state of more perfect combustion, and distributes the gases of combustion to the barrel flues, thereby tending to fully utilize said flues, produce a uniform, steam-generating effect in the barrel, and prevent localizing of the flame on and weakening and leakage of said flues.

The walls of the fire-box and combustion chamber described are built of small, hollow, water and steam-containing units, thereby enabling any one to be removed and replaced without substantial disturbance to the others. These units also contribute to the safety of the boiler, since the rupture of one would be local and limited without producing explosion of the whole.

All stays in the side and rear walls and crown of the fire-box and in the side walls, bottom and crown of the combustion chamber, have been eliminated, while at the same time the strength of said parts has been increased.

Having described one illnstrative embodiment of the invention without limitin the same thereto, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a boiler a barrel, a crown chamber communicating with the upper ortion of said barrel the barrel havin a ower segmental extension and a com ustion chamber comprising hollow water containing sections housed within said extension.

2. In a boiler a barrel, a crown chamber communicating with the upper portion of said barrel the barrel havin a lower segmental extension and a com ustion chamber comprising water tubes within said extension and conformin to the shape thereof.

3. In a boiler a ban-5 cut away to provide a segmental extension, crown drums fitting the cut away ortion and communicating with the barrel: a flue sheet adjacent the ends of said drums, a bottom chamber carried b said extension and communicating with t e barrel beyondthe sheet and a lining for the chamber defined by said extension, drums and bottom chamber comprising tubes extending between the drums and the bottom chamber.

4. In a boiler a barrel cut away to provide a segmental extension, crown drums fitting the cut away ortion and communicating with the barre, a flue sheet adjacent the ends of said drums, a bottom chamber comprising a channel plate secured longitudinally of said extension and communlcating with the barrel beyond the sheet and a lining for the chamber defined by said extension, drums and bottom chamber comprising tubes extending between the drums and the bottom chamber.

5. In a boiler a barrel cut away to pr vide a segmental extension, crown drums fitting the cut away portion and communicating with the barrel, a flue sheet adjacent the ends of said drums, a bottom chamber having a wall thereof formed by said extention and communicating with t e barrel beyond the sheet and a lining tor the chamber defined by said extension, drums and bottom chamber comprising tubes extending between the drums and the bottom chamber.

6. In a boiler a barrel cut away to provide a segmental extension, crown drums fitting the cut-away ortion and communicating with the barre a flue sheet adjacent the ends of said drums said drums and extension defining a combustion chamber rearwardly of the flue sheet, said chamber being provided with water containing walls.

7 In a boiler a barrel and a. fire box and a combustion chamber comprisin tubular sections housed within the shell 0% the barre.

8. In a boiler a barrel having a flue sheet therein, upper and lower longitudinal chambers communicating with said barrel forwardl of the sheet, the shell of said barrel exten ing between and connecting said chambers and water tubes between said chambers within the extending portions of the shell.

a In a boiler a barrel and a throat cham- 10. In a boiler a barrel and a throat cha'mber comprisin spaced sheets fitting a segment of the s ell of the barrel and connections between the upper lateral portions of said chamber and the water-containing spaces within said shell.

11. In a boiler a barrel and a throat chamber having a segmental recess in which the shell of the barrel fits and an outlet for the upper lateral portions of the chamber.

12. In a boiler a barrel havin a flue sheet therein the shell of the barre extendin rearwardly of the flue sheet and providing a space for a combustion chmaber, a throat chamber at the rear end of said shell and a bypass connection opening from said barrel forwardly of the flue sheet and leading to said throat chamber,

13. In a boiler a barrel having a flue sheet thereim a firebox, and a combustion chamber between said firebox and fine sheet comprising water tubes, a throat chamber rearwardly of said combustion chamber, a chamber extending from the barrel forwardly of the flue sheet to the throat chamber and in communication with said tubes and another chamber extending directly from the barrel forwardly of the fiue sheet to the throat chamber.

H. The combination with a barrel of a fire-box having series of tubes forming the side walls thereof and a series of forwardly and upwardly inclined tubes forming the rear wall of said fire-box.

[emu] Corrections in Letters Patent No. 1,248,356.

name to this specification, in the presence 25 of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES M. MoCLELLON.

\Vitnesses Roman-'1 ll. KniMLnn, Ilnxuy T. \VILLIMus.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,248,356, granted November 27, 1917, upon the application of James M. McClellon, of Everett, Massachusetts, for an improvement in Boilers, errors appear in the printed specification requir iug correction as follows: Page 2, line 102, for the word services" read surfaces; page 3, line 126, claim l2, for the word ehmaber read chamber} and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same i may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and sealed this 5th day of February, A. 1)., 1918.

R. F. WHITEHEAD,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

13. In a boiler a barrel having a flue sheet thereim a firebox, and a combustion chamber between said firebox and fine sheet comprising water tubes, a throat chamber rearwardly of said combustion chamber, a chamber extending from the barrel forwardly of the flue sheet to the throat chamber and in communication with said tubes and another chamber extending directly from the barrel forwardly of the fiue sheet to the throat chamber.

H. The combination with a barrel of a fire-box having series of tubes forming the side walls thereof and a series of forwardly and upwardly inclined tubes forming the rear wall of said fire-box.

[emu] Corrections in Letters Patent No. 1,248,356.

name to this specification, in the presence 25 of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES M. MoCLELLON.

\Vitnesses Roman-'1 ll. KniMLnn, Ilnxuy T. \VILLIMus.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,248,356, granted November 27, 1917, upon the application of James M. McClellon, of Everett, Massachusetts, for an improvement in Boilers, errors appear in the printed specification requir iug correction as follows: Page 2, line 102, for the word services" read surfaces; page 3, line 126, claim l2, for the word ehmaber read chamber} and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same i may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and sealed this 5th day of February, A. 1)., 1918.

R. F. WHITEHEAD,

Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

